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Dysphagia

RX Note

Ingest Oral Medications When the ability of swallow medications is compromised, the choices are Crushing oral dosage forms Selecting a liquid formulation Selecting an alternative route of drug delivery (e.g. NOTE: Adherence to altered diet recommendations is challenging since restricting food and drink creates dissatisfaction and resistance.

Dosage 52
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Off-label Use

RX Note

To verify the dosage and off-label use, you may check-up these drug references: Lexicomp - personal preference British National Formulary and BNF for Children Micromedex Medscape Epocrates Yup, technically, you should not look up product leaflet for off-label use (and its dosage). paediatric, pregnant, or psychiatric patients).

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Norepinephrine vs Epinephrine Post Cardiac Arrest

Pharmacy Friday Pearls

Dose Weight-based dosing: • Usual dosage range: 0.01 Kim, 2012 Retrospective N=90 • Norepinephrine infusion • Epinephrine infusion • The survivors (N=46) were more likely to have received norepinephrine infusion than the non-survivors (34.8% Critical Care Medicine: December 2012 – Volume 40 – Issue 12 – p 1-328.

Dosage 40
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Does the Drug Shortage White Paper Fall Short?

FDA Law Blog: Biosimilars

The White Paper notes that of the 123 drugs in shortage in January 2024, a quarter were first reported in shortage prior to 2020, with the oldest dating back to 2012, and shortages were experienced across therapeutic areas; analgesics/anesthetics (17%), anti-infective (12%), and cardiovascular (13%) products comprised 42% of shortages.

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Computed tomography for in-depth investigation of freeze-dried products

European Pharmaceutical Review

X-ray technology is also increasingly used in pharmaceutical R&D, particularly for examining solid dosage forms, an application for which this technology can be seamlessly adopted. X-ray Microtomography of Solid Dosage Forms. Biomed Opt Express 2012; 3(1): 55–63 [[link] 22254168] 8. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag 2012.

Dosage 81
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Staging of Renal Function

RX Note

NOTE: While creatinine is commonly utilized, it is not perfect as creatinine is a metabolic by-product of muscle catabolism, meaning patients with lower or higher than average muscle will demonstrate different values than expected based on their renal function.

Dosage 52
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Chronic Kidney Disease

RX Note

NOTE: While creatinine is commonly utilized, it is not perfect as creatinine is a metabolic by-product of muscle catabolism, meaning patients with lower or higher than average muscle will demonstrate different values than expected based on their renal function. When eGFR falls below 30 ml/min/1.73